Introduction
Gabapentin and Pregabalin are prescription medications that were originally mainly used in the treatment of epilepsy (anticonvulsants). However, they have also been found to be helpful in a number of types of pain, particularly neuropathic pain. They are sometimes also used in the treatment of fibromyalgia. They work by decreasing the number of pain signals that are sent out by damaged nerves in the body.
Neuropathic pain is pain initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction in the peripheral or central nervous system.
Effects of these medications
Gabapentin and Pregabalin may help control your symptoms but will not cure your condition. It may take several weeks or longer (4-6 weeks) before you feel the full benefit of it. Your doctor will probably start you on a low dose and may gradually increase it.
What are the side Effects
Common side effects includes dizziness, coordination problems, weight gain, dry mouth. If side effects do occur, it may mean that the dose is too high for you and should be reduced. Serious side effects like blurred vision, double vision, hives, rash, chest pain are less common but if they do occur, contact your doctor immediately.
How to Take Gabapentin/Pregabalin
1. The medication comes in capsule form. It is taken by mouth, usually two or three times a day.
2. It can be taken with or without food. If the medication upsets your stomach, take it with food.
3. It should be taken at the same time each day to maintain or even level in your blood.
4. It must be taken as prescribed for the medication to work properly.
5. Do not stop taking Gabapentin /Pregabalin without first discussing it with your doctor. Withdrawal symptoms (headache, sleep problems, nausea and diarrhoea) may occur if you stop your medication suddenly.
6. Do not take antacid preparations during the two hours before and two hours after you take your medication.
Dose of medication
Although, Gabapentin and Pregabalin are both in the same class of medication, they differ in dosages. Your doctor will advise you on the preparation and when to take them.
What should I tell my Doctor
You should talk with your healthcare provider prior to taking these medications if you have;
1. A history of drug or alcohol abuse
2. Kidney disease, including kidney failure
3. Heart disease especially congestive heart failure
4. Irregular heart rhythm
5. A bleeding disorder
6. Any allergies, including allergies to food, dyes, or preservatives
7. If you are pregnant or thinking of becoming pregnant or breastfeeding.
Can I drink alcohol?
Drinking alcohol can add to the drowsiness caused by this medication, caution must be taken whilst taking these tablets. If drowsiness occurs, you should avoid driving or do anything that requires you to be alert until the effects have worn off.
How is it stored?
Gabapentin /Pregabalin should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Store capsule in airtight container. Keep it out of reach of children.
What Should I Do If I Miss A Dose?
If you do not take Gabapentin / Pregabalin as scheduled, take your missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take a double dose.
If you have any questions, please contact Chronic/ Acute Pain Service at the CGH (08454 22 2976) or GRH (08454 22 6379).
Reference:
BNF 62 ( September, 2011)
www.nlm.nih.gov./medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a605045
(available online) accessed 10/6/2012
www.drugs.com (available online) accessed 10/6/2012
http://www.patient.co.uk/medicine/gabapentin.htm (available online) accessed
23/6/2012
http://www.britishpainsociety.org/patient_def_glossary.htm accessed 10/08/12
Pain Service Website, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Webmaster Dr J G de Courcy, Consultant in Pain Medicine and Anaesthesia
email: pain.webmaster[at]glos.nhs.uk